Every claim on this site traces back to published literature. This page is that trail — organized by compound, with the landmark studies behind each cluster.

This index reflects the published literature and is provided for research and educational reference. Nothing here is a claim that any compound treats, cures, or prevents any condition. Several compounds referenced are approved or investigational drugs, cited as scientific literature only.

Compound Index

Compound	Grade	Review	Page
BPC-157	C	Sept 2026	Read

Landmark Studies by Mechanism

1. Gastric & Tissue Regeneration Factors — BPC-157
Chang, C.-H., et al. (2011). Journal of Applied Physiology, 110(3), 774–780. · Seiwerth, S., et al. (2021). Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 627533. · Sikiric, P., et al. (2003). Inflammopharmacology, 11(5), 455–467.

2. ECM & Genomic Modulators — GHK-Cu, Ac-SDKP
Pickart, L., et al. (2015). BioMed Research International, 2015, 1–7. · Peng, H., et al. (2003). Hypertension, 42(6), 1164–1170.

3. G-Actin Sequestration & Cell Migration — TB-500 / Thymosin β4
Nguyen, M. T., et al. (2023). Cells, 12(21), 2523. · Sosne, G., et al. (2015). Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 15(sup1), S123–S128. · Philp, D., et al. (2003). Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 124(1), 125–129.

4. Epithelial Growth & Mucosal Barrier — KGF/KGF-2 (Palifermin)
Spielberger, R., et al. (2004). NEJM, 351(25), 2590–2598. · Finch, P. W., & Rubin, J. S. (2004). Journal of Facial Plastic Surgery, 6(1), 21–28.

5. Host Defense & Neurovascular Signaling — LL-37, KPV, Substance P, Thymosin α-1
Grönberg, A., et al. (2014). Wound Repair and Regeneration, 22(5), 613–621. · Yamada, M., et al. (2008). Cornea, 27, S24–S30.

6. Integrin-Binding & Microvascular Mimetics — QK, RGD-Motif, SIKVAV/IKVAV
D’Andrea, L. D., et al. (2005). PNAS, 102(40), 14215–14220. · Silva, G. A., et al. (2004). Science, 303(5662), 1357–1361.

7. Gap-Junction & Growth Factor Therapeutics — αCT1, TP508, Becaplermin
Ghatnekar, G. S., et al. (2015). Regenerative Medicine, 10(1), 11–23. · Smiell, J. M., et al. (1999). Wound Repair and Regeneration, 7(5), 335–346.

8. Myostatin Blocks & Somatotropic Secretagogues — ACE-031, Follistatin, CJC-1295, Sermorelin, Tesamorelin, Ipamorelin, GHRP-2/6, Hexarelin
Attie, K. M., et al. (2013). Muscle & Nerve, 47(3), 416–423. · Falutz, J., et al. (2010). JAMA, 303(21), 2141–2148. · Teichman, S. L., et al. (2006). JCEM, 91(3), 799–805.

9. Splice Variants & Insulin-Like Growth Dynamics — IGF-1, IGF-1 LR3, IGF-1 DES(1-3), MGF, PEG-MGF
Goldspink, G. (2005). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 142(1-2), 44–48. · Tomas, F. M., et al. (1993). Journal of Endocrinology, 137(3), 413–421.

10. Mitochondrial Respiration & Metabolic Switch Agents — MOTS-c, SS-31, 5-Amino-1MQ, Humanin, BAIBA, Epitalon
Lee, C., et al. (2015). Cell Metabolism, 21(3), 443–454. · Szeto, H. H. (2014). Future Medicinal Chemistry, 6(12), 1363–1381. · Neelakantan, H., et al. (2018). Biochemical Pharmacology, 147, 141–152.
Regulatory note: SS-31 (elamipretide) is FDA-approved (Forzinity, September 2025) for Barth syndrome. Cited here as literature only — not sold by Agape Compounds as a research compound.

11. Longevity, Sarcopenia & Myokine Rescues — α-Klotho, Osteocalcin, Irisin, Apelin, FOXO4-DRI
Baar, M. P., et al. (2017). Cell, 169(1), 132–147. · Boström, P., et al. (2012). Nature, 481(7382), 463–468. · Vinel, C., et al. (2018). Nature Medicine, 24(12), 1860–1871.

12. Metabolic & Incretin Receptor Agonists — Retatrutide, Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Survodutide, Cagrilintide, Liraglutide
Jastreboff, A. M., et al. (2023). NEJM, 389(6), 514–526. · Jastreboff, A. M., et al. (2022). NEJM, 387(3), 205–216. · Wilding, J. P. H., et al. (2021). NEJM, 384(11), 989–1002.
Regulatory note: every compound in this cluster is either FDA-approved (tirzepatide, semaglutide, liraglutide) or an investigational new drug (retatrutide, survodutide, cagrilintide). None are sold by Agape Compounds as research-use products; cited as clinical literature only.

13. Cognitive & Neurotrophic Peptides — Semax, Selank, Dihexa, Cerebrolysin, DSIP
Dolotov, O. V., et al. (2006). Brain Research, 1117(1), 54–60. · McCoy, A. T., et al. (2013). J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 344(1), 141–154. · Muresanu, D. F., et al. (2016). Stroke, 47(1), 151–159.

14. Immune & Thymic Peptides — Thymosin Alpha-1, Thymalin, Thymogen
King, R., & Tuthill, C. (2016). Vitamins and Hormones, 102, 151–178.

15. Longevity & Bioregulator Peptides — Epitalon, Pinealon, Vilon, Vesugen
Khavinson, V. Kh., et al. (2003). Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 135(6), 590–592.

16. Melanocortin & Sexual-Health Peptides — Bremelanotide (PT-141), Melanotan I, Melanotan II
Kingsberg, S. A., et al. (2019). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 134(5), 899–908.
Regulatory note: bremelanotide (Vyleesi) and Melanotan I (afamelanotide/Scenesse) are both FDA-approved medications for specific narrow indications. Cited here as literature only.